IT Priorities IVK for Effective Project Management- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIT Priorities IVK for Effective Project Management. Answer: Slush fund slack had been created by the previous CIO Davies just in case when the very vital projects at IVK could not be approved. The slush funds had been developed at IVK in order to get the IT project funds approved. The IT projects were not considered to be the primary functions rather they were just the supporting functions which faced trouble to get budgetary approvals from the department. To get budget approval for the IT projects that were very technical and did not deliver direct customer benefits were really tough to get approved in IVK. Moreover the IT projects were supposed to be very technical and the other departments were simply unable to understand, rather in some cases the approach that the company IVK adopted for funding the IT projects was that of preventive maintenance. This is the reason why Davies created slush funds to get these security related risks handled effectively (Wysocki, 2010). Davies being a technical person knew very well the kind of security risks might generate if the IT projects do not get implemented. He realised the importance and gravity of neglecting of IT projects in IVK that is why he thought of this idea of creating slush fund slack to get budgetary approval for the IT projects. During the IT project approval in which Barton made fun when he started criticising the way the project was presented Davies simply returned back in his shell during conflicts. This indicates that Davies, not being the one ready to take sole responsibility, will result in noose around everyones neck as everyone would get involved while decision making for the IT projects (Austin, Nolan, O'Donnell, 2016). The approach adopted by Davies was typically IT-based approach and not a management based approach. The approach adopted by Davies was technology oriented as he along with John both believed that there exists a security issue with the technology that was being used by Peoples. He believed that if there is any security risk that must be handled by receiving funds from IVK. But his approach being too much IT related which was simply did not go very well with other business units. He laid more emphasis on the security risks that might arise in totally IT language. Thus the way of communication of the security risks adopted by Davies did not clarify or show what adverse impact the security risks that are generated in IVK can have on the company as well as the customers. Thus the approach adopted by Barton that the IT spending needs to be in proper alignment with the IVK strategy and dividing the IT projects on the following basis is a better approach. The projects will be divided into categories like: Mandatory (for example security) Return on Investment (for example incremental) OCI (option creating investment). Barton has adopted a consensus approach according to which IT is important aspect that assists the process implementation and the business units are the ones who decide the priorities. The approach followed by Barton does not suggest that it should take full control over the IT budget rather it believes in putting forth the IT point of view along with the business point of view. By adopting this approach all necks will be in the noose and in case any decision goes wrong everyone who is part of decision can be blamed and held responsible (Austin, Nolan, O'Donnell, 2016). Barton needs to act smart and should not take the entire budgetary control in his hands as suggested by Maggie as well as it will make him responsible for anything that goes wrong in the company. He should come up with a brilliant idea of getting fixed the whole decision making committee which should also engage the Board of Directors. Rather he should try to create a completely new IT budgeting process by proposing certain percentage of the total budget that needs to be allocated to the IT projects that belong to the mandatory category (Wysocki, 2010). The IT committee that he needs to propose should be of board level because demanding certain percentage of budget to be taken into control of IT is not a good idea. In this case again if anything goes wrong then only Barton will be held responsible because the noose would be around his neck only, being the sole person to make budgetary decisions. What he needs to do is support the formation of an IT Security Project which should empha size on the critical factors as well as the benefits that it will draw. IT Committee with board involvement will help in promoting the say of IT within the business units which will in turn help the organization also. Thus the risks associated with IT infrastructure will be decreased and will also make decision making simple and easy (Austin, Nolan, O'Donnell, 2016). Bibliography Austin, R., Nolan, R., O'Donnell, S. (2016). The Adventures of an IT Leader. Harvard Busines Press. Wysocki, R. K. (2010). Effective Project Management: Traditional, Adaptive, Extreme. Wiley Publishing INc.

Yanomamo Culture Essays - Yanomami, Napoleon Chagnon, Monogamy, War

Yanomamo Culture There are many differences between the South American Yanomamo culture and the North American culture that we have adapted to, but just at there is culture diversity between us, we have some similarities. The ethnography, which is chose, was Yanomamo written by Napoleon A. Chagnon, anthropologists. Chagnon tells us how to it was to live among the Yanomamo family, political and warfare system versus the American Culture. The Yanomamo are of patrilineal culture, male oriented and very sexist. For some reason they believe that, they are superior to women, so do some men in American culture. However, they are jolted back reality when the law gets involved, unfortunately Yanomamo men dont have this wake up call. Marriage is cross-cultural perspective. Yanomamo marriages are much different from that of American marriages. Yanomamo women are treated as materialistic objects and promised by their father or brother to a Yanomamo man in return for reciprocity. The reciprocity could be another Yanomamo women or political alliances. The trades are often practiced in the Yanomamo culture. Polygamy is also a part of the Yanomamo culture. Yanomamo women are kept in the males possession. The Yanomamo man tries to collect as many wives as he possibly can in order to demonstrate his power and masculinity. As polygamy in American Culture is referred to as bigamy which is against the law. Besides, polygamy, the practice of infanticide plays a role in the lack of women in their society. Yanomamo prefer to parent a male child rather than a female child, so in case a female is born she is killed at birth. This again proved their sexist beliefs that women are inferior. Many Yanomamo women fearing their husbands kill a female infant to avoid disappointing their so-called better half. To the people of American culture certain procedures of murdering a new born baby would be considered brutal, horrific and mutilation. But to the Yanomamo choking an infant to death with a vine, suffocating the infant by the placing a stick across her throat, or simply throwing the child against a tree and leaving it to suffer and then die is normal. Yet some Americans would also suggest that abortion is just like murder also, so whats the difference! When an acceptable child is born into a Yanomamo family the mother breast-feeds him for a relatively long time. Children are nursed until they reach the age of at most, three or four. As long as the mother breast-feeds she is less likely to be fertile. This is a natural contraceptive. But if a new infant is born it will starve to death, because the older sibling would drink most of the milk, specially if it is a female infant. Male children grow up to be hunters and worriers. Female children although inferior (according to the Yanomamo) are valuable objects of trade and political alliances. A confusing aspect of the Yanomamo marriages is, even though polygamy is freely practiced so is monogamy but only for the women. Adultery, just like in American culture, is inexcusable to the Yanomamo. In this topic similarities make a breakthrough in both cultures. If relationship between an American woman and an American man goes putrescent and the woman becomes promiscuous violence is only expected by the man. The problem is assault and battery charges can get you into a lot of trouble, not to mention how much you would have to pay a lawyer. But Yanomamo mean get away with their violent retaliation for being disrespected because again there are no laws protecting Yanomamo women not that American women are always protected by the law, its just a myth. The punishment for the Yanomamo women who is only suspected of having an affair with another man is being beaten with a club, burned, shot with a barbed arrow, or the man decides to detach a limb (ex. Arm, leg...) with an ax or machete. Even though it seems as though women are expendable is this culture she may have some one who would aid her if she needed help, her brothers. A Yanomamo womens endeavor and search for aid is not always successful espically if her brothers are in a remote village that you could reach if you walked for a couple

Multinationals Corporations free essay sample

Multinational corporations (MNC’s) also known as International Corporation, transnational corporation, global corporation and many more. Due to the political changes that have occurred during the years, the opportunities for multinationals corporations have increased considerably. As a fact multinationals corporations are growing with rapidity. For example in Mauritius we have KFC, Mac Donald’s, Pizza hut which are all multinationals and have branches throughout the island. According to the United Nations a multinational corporation is an enterprise which owns or controls production or service facilities outside the country in which it is based. In the words of W H Moreland, Multinational Corporations or Companies are those enterprises whose management, ownership and controls are spread in more than one foreign country. Thus a multinational company carries on business operations in two or more countries. Its headquarters are located in one country (home country) but its activities are spread over in other countries (host countries). We will write a custom essay sample on Multinationals Corporations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The transnational corporation as it is known today, however, did not really appear until the 19th century, with the advent of industrial capitalism and its consequences: the development of the factory system; larger, more capital intensive manufacturing processes; better storage techniques; and faster means of transportation. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the search for resources including minerals, petroleum, and foodstuffs as well as pressure to protect or increase markets drove transnational expansion by companies almost exclusively from the United States and a handful of Western European nations. Sixty per cent of these corporations investments went to Latin America, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Fuelled by numerous mergers and acquisitions, monopolistic and oligopolistic concentration of large transnationals’ in major sectors such as petrochemicals and food also had its roots in these years. The US agribusiness giant United Fruit Company, for example, controlled 90 per cent of US banana imports by 1899, while at the start of the First World War, Royal Dutch/Shell accounted for 20 per cent of Russias total oil production. Demand for natural resources continued to provide an impetus for European and US corporate ventures between the First and Second World Wars. Although corporate investments from Europe declined somewhat, the activities of US TNCs expanded vigorously. In Japan, this period witnessed the growth of the zaibatsu (or financial clique) including Mitsui and Mitsubishi. These giant corporations, which worked in alliance with the Japanese state, had oligopolistic control of the countrys industrial, financial, and trade sectors. The characteristics and features of Multinational Corporations (MNCs). The distinctive features of multinational companies are as follows. 1. Large Size: A multinational company is generally big in size. Some of the multinational companies own and control assets worth billions of dollars. Their annual sales turnover is more than the gross national product of many small countries. 2. Worldwide operations: A multinational corporation carries on business in more than one country. The MNCs operate in many countries with multiple products on large scale. A MNC may operate both manufacturing and marketing activities in a number of countries. Some MNCs operate in several countries, whereas, others may operate in a few countries. Mostly MNCs from developed countries dominate in the world markets. Multinational corporations such as Coco cola have branches in as many as seventy countries around the world. 3. International management: The management of multinational companies are international in character. It operates on the basis of best possible alternative available anywhere in the world. Its local subsidiaries are managed generally by the nationals of the host country. For example the management of Hindustan Lever lies with Indians. The parent company Unilever is in The United States of America. The Parent company works like a holding company. The subsidiary companies are to operate under control and guidance of parent company. The subsidiaries functions as per the policies and directions of parent organization. 4. Mobility of resources The operation of multinational company involves the mobility of capital, technology, entrepreneurship and other factors of production across the territories. 5. Integrated activities A multinational company is usually a complete organisation comprising manufacturing, marketing, research and development and other facilities. MNCs undertake both Manufacturing and Marketing Activities and they are predominantly engaged in hi-tech and consumer goods industries. Majority of the MNCs are engaged in pharmaceutical, petrochemicals, engineering, consumer goods, etc. 6. Several forms A multinational company may operate in host countries in several ways i. e. , branches, subsidiaries, franchise, joint ventures. Turn key projects. 7. Origins. The development of MNCs dates back to several centuries, but their real growth started after the Second World War Majority of the MNCs are from developed countries like U. S. A, Japan, UK, Germany and European countries. In recent years MNCs from countries like Korea, Taiwan, India, China, etc. are operating in the world markets. 8. Profit Motive. MNCs are profit oriented rather than social oriented. Such corporations do not take much interest in the social welfare activities of the host country. 9. Quality Consciousness MNCs are quality and cost conscious and managed by professionals and experts. They have their own organization culture and systems. MNCs believe in the concept of total quality management. Aims of multinational corporations Multinational companies make investments in different countries with the following aims. (a) To take tax benefits in host countries; (b) To exploit the natural resources of the host country; (c) To take advantage of Government concessions in host country; (d) To mitigate the impact of regulations in the home country; (e) To reduce cost of production by making use of cheap labour and low transportation expenses in the host country. (f) To gain dominance in foreign markets; (g) To expand activities vertically. Advantages of multinationals corporations. The merits of a multinational corporation may be enumerated as follows: 1) Costs Controls. Operating overseas can take advantage of lower labor costs in the same way as outsourcing, while allowing greater supervision and control to ensure quality. A multinational corporation can also benefit from reduced transportation costs. For example, a jewelry company could save money by setting up a branch in a country with gold mines, making rings locally, then shipping them to the home country for retail, rather than shipping the gold to the home country for local manufacture. Multinational corporations carry on operations on a large-scale, which ensure economics in material, labour and overhead costs. 2) Taxations. Having operations in multiple countries may allow the company to take advantage of tax variations. The company could place its business officially in the country with the lowest tax rates, even if management is elsewhere. Running a multinational corporation can help the business benefit from the tax systems of countries that require the company to have a physical presence to benefit from low rates, rather than simply operate a shell or paper company. 3) Consumer benefits. A multinational corporation that benefits from both low production costs and low taxes should be able to make increased profits while reducing prices, which benefits consumers. The company may also have access to knowledge and skills in multiple countries that could help it produce better products. 4) Research and development activities. Developing countries lack in research and development areas. Expenditure on research and development is essential for the promotion of technology. Multinational corporations have greater capability for research and development activities in comparison to national companies. Multinationals survive in the international market through their advanced research and development activities. 5) Far-reaching effects on the economic, social and political conditions of the host country. Multinational corporations provide a number of benefits to the host country in the form of (a) Economic growth; (b) increased profits; (c) Developing of new products; (d) Reduced operational costs; (e) Reduced labour costs; (f) Changing social and political structure, etc. Thus, it helps in the exploitation of resources of host countries for their own economic advancement. ) Product innovation Multinational corporations have research and development departments engaged in the task of developing new products, diversification in the product line, etc. Their production opportunities are far greater as compared to national companies. 7) Marketing superiority Multinational corporations enjoy market reputations and face less difficulties in selling their products by adopting effective adv ertising and sales-promotion techniques. 8) Financial superiority Multinational corporations generate funds in one country and use such funds in another country. They have huge financial resources at their disposal as compared to national companies. Moreover, multinational corporations have easier access to external capital markets 9) Technological superiority Multinational corporations can participate in the industrial development programmes of underdeveloped countries because of their technological superiority. They can produce goods having international standards and quality specifications by adopting the latest technology. Generally, multinationals transfers technology through joint venture projects. 0) Potential source of capital and advanced technology Economically backward countries invite multinational corporations as a potential source of capital and advanced technology to generate economic growth and to create employment opportunities. 11) Expansion of market territory Multinational corporations enjoy extension of activities beyond the geographical boundaries of their countries. Multinational corporations can enhance their internati onal image by expanding their operations activities. 12) Creating employment opportunities Increase in the scale of operations results in more job opportunities. The entry of multinational corporations helps in creating employment opportunities in production and marketing activities. Disadvantages of multinational corporations. The possible disadvantages of a multinational investing in a country may include: 1) High Profit Low Risk Investment The multinational company prefers to invest in areas of low risk and high profitability. Issue like social welfare, national priority etc. have less priority on their agenda. Mostly they invest in consumer goods industry. 2) Interference in Political Matters. The multinational company from developed countries interferes in the political affairs of developing nations. There are many cases where multinational company has bribed political leadership for their own economic gains. Multinational investment can be very important to a country and this will often give them a disproportionate influence over government and other organizations in the host country. Given their economic importance, governments will often agree to changes that may not be beneficial for the long-term welfare of their people. 3) Create Artificial Demand. These companies create artificial and unwarranted demand by making extensive use of advertising and ales and promotion techniques. 4) Exploitation. These companies are financially very strong and adopt aggressive marketing strategies to sale their products, adopt all means to eliminate competition and create monopoly. 5) Technological Problem Technology they use is capital intensive so sometimes that technology does not fully fit in the needs of developing countries. Also, multinational company is criticized for transferring outdated technology to developing countries. 6) Foreign Exchange go outside the Country The working of multinational company is a burden on the limited resources of developing countries. They charge high price in the form of commission and royalty paid by local business subsidiary to its parent company. This leads to outflow of foreign exchange. 7) National Threat. Sometimes outdated technology is used by domestic industries which hamper the quality and price of their products so they cannot compete with those multinational company. Hence, there is a threat of nationwide opposition to multinational company. Arrival of these companies creates an atmosphere of uncertainly to the domestic industries. 8) Cultural and social impact Multinational company imposes their culture on developing countries. Along with the products they also indirectly impose the culture of developed nations. These companies have imposed the culture of fast food and soft drinks onto the developing nations. For examples: burger and coke. Large numbers of foreign businesses can dilute local customs and traditional cultures. For example, the sociologist George Ritzer coined the term McDonaldization to describe the process by which more and more sectors of American society as well as of the rest of the world take on the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant, such as increasing tandardization and the movement away from traditional business approaches. 9) Environmental impact Multinationals will want to produce in ways that are as efficient and as cheap as possible and this may not always be the best environmental practice. They will often lobby governments hard to try to ensure that they can benefit from regulations being as lax as possi ble and given their economic importance to the host country, this lobbying will often be quite effective. 10) Transfer pricing. Multinationals will always aim to reduce their tax liability to a minimum. One way of doing this is through transfer pricing. The aim of this is to reduce their tax liability in countries with high tax rates and increase them in the countries with low tax rates. They can do this by transferring components and part-finished goods between their operations in different countries at differing prices. Where the tax liability is high, they transfer the goods at a relatively high price to make the costs appear higher. This is then recouped in the lower tax country by transferring the goods at a relatively lower price. This will reduce their overall tax bill. 11) Access to natural resources. Multinationals will sometimes invest in countries just to get access to a plentiful supply of raw materials and host nations are often more concerned about the short-term economic benefits than the long-term costs to their country in terms of the depletion of natural resources. 12) Export of Profits Large multinational are likely to repatriate profits back to their home country, leaving little financial benefits for the host country. Conclusion. A multinational corporation/company is an organisation doing business in more than one country. In other words it is an organisation or enterprise carrying on business in not only the country where it is registered but also in several other countries. It may also be termed as International Corporation, global giant and transnational corporation. Like every concept multinational corporations (MNCs) also have certain advantages as well as some disadvantages both to the host country and the home country.

The David essays

The David essays You may be wondering who is David? Or what is the David? Within the next few pages I will be answering your questions like : Who is David? Or what is the David? His importance in history? When was the David sculpted? Why was the David sculpted? And finally a comparison between other Davids, like Vercchios David and Donotellos David. Oprea del Dumo di Firenze ordered the statue in 1501 after Michelangelo had come back from Rome. It took Michelangelo two and one half to three years to complete the David. The David was originally placed in front of Palazzo Vecchio, but in 1873, to protect it from the elements, a copy of the David was put outside of the Palazzo Vecchio to replace the real one which was put into the Accademia Gallery. David was the youngest of eight sons of Jesse. He was a shepherd that had saved his fathers sheep from a lion and a bear only using a sling and smooth stone. These were common weapons in those days. If you practiced long and hard enough, you could shoot one rock up to one hundred miles per hour and you could hit anything you wanted to, like a tree , a bird, or any animal you wanted . When David was about fifteen years old, he was sent by his father, Jesse, to go to the army with food and bring back tidings of the battle. While he was there, the Philistine champion Goliath [who was a giant from the town of Gath which was in Philistine territory] came out and challenged the Israelites to send their greatest warrior to fight him and whoever lost would become the victors slave, meaning that if Goliath won, the Israelites would become the Philistines, or vice versa. No one would challenge Goliath except for a young shepherd boy named David. David fought Goliath with only a sling and a stone. He later became one of the greatest kings of Israel of all time. Imagine what a difference from shepherd boy to king! Michelangelo was twenty-six years old when ...

Site Visit Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Site Visit Paper - Essay Example It made me to feel free. There were about 1000 or more people there. The church has space for almost 4000 people (Faith Family Church). There are special buildings for children and teens, and also a pretty chapel. I decide to not take notes because service is recorded and put on church website archives, so I can see it again if I need to (Faith Family Church). Also, it was very different from my experience in prayers at the mosque, so I know I will not forget what I see and hear and feel in new place. If I take notes, I cannot have experience but only be outside experience. It is important to be inside experience. We had a paper that tell us what happens, what songs and who is speaking and when to pray. My friend explained things when I ask him. I pay careful attention until 11:40 when the service end. Couple days later, I looked carefully at the website to see if I had forgotten anything. Faith Family Church started as a Bible Study in local businessman’s home 25 years ago, with Pastor Mike, the same pastor that I saw. After few months they had 40 people so they moved to restaurant. When restaurant is too small, they make their own building. Finally they build wonderful set of buildings where they are now (Faith Family Church). It is very nice and comfortable with room for growing membership. One big difference is that in Mosque men and women (over age 7) are at the same prayers but they are not together, not next to each other. At Faith Family men and women are all in the same place and are together. Men do not touch women in Mosque, and women do not touch men, but in this church men and women touch and hug, and they are comfortable like that. The service was done in personal way, like free gift for new people, and we were welcomed. Participation in music and helpful social activities was encouraged. They show a video that asks people to bring a friend to church for Easter weekend. Their prayers were personal because they talk to God like He

Unit 13&14 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Unit 13 - Essay Example The film scenario exemplified Andrew being discriminated from undertaking his responsibilities as a lawyer upon the discovery of his affliction. Besides being unfairly and unjustly prejudiced towards his condition, the case affected senior management, who wrongfully dismissed him, and society, in general, who scorned people afflicted with the disease. The lawyer, who Andrew initially approached to defend him, Joe Miller, played by Denzel Washington, was first apprehensive to take the case given the sensitivity of the issues. As it turned out, the court ruled in favor of Andrew and ordered the firm to award him for damages for wrongful dismissal. It is fortunate for Beckett to have been remunerated for the discrimination case filed in court. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2008) â€Å"proving a discrimination claim is inherently difficult, since the elements of proof are generally in the hands of the defendant, i.e. the employer† (5). Most victims choose to ignore the matter of filing appropriate cases due to the costs involved in pursuing discrimination cases. Regular-average-everyday Americans can make a profound difference to transform this country by acts of random kindness to others. With no thought of reward, the Good Samaritan in the Bible stops to help a man who has been beaten and robbed. That is the essence of an altruistic act: unselfishly giving help when it is needed, no strings attached. If each and every American believes in simple, unselfish acts, then each would be instrumental in making this nation a more conscientious one. Most men do some thing or behave in a certain way because we expect to get a reward for doing so. Naturally, one does not do something because the cost of doing it would be great. The leadership model that must be manifested in contemporary societies should assist in transforming the society through focusing on encouraging others

Abacus Business Solution Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Abacus Business Solution - Case Study Example Industry Definition Point of Sale is the checkout place where a transaction is completed. In other words, it is the point where customers make payments for the goods or services they have purchased. POS systems are usually used by retail industry and restaurant industry. However, in this context, the study will focus only on the restaurant industry. According to David Gilbert, COO of the National Restaurant Association, POS systems are one of the most essential tools for a restaurant as it helps to make their business operation secure, fast and reliable. POS systems are simply the synthesis of hardware and software and business model of the companies belonging to POS industry is also simple. In general, the supply chain model of the POS industry includes POS manufacturers and developers, POS distributors, POS VARs and business owners. Figure 1 –POS Supply Chain Model Some of the major players of POS industry are Micros Systems, Inc., Restaurant Data Concepts and NCR among others. The industry is characterised by variety in product features, services and prices. According to the reports published by IBIS World, the industry reached a value of $1.2 billion in the year 2012. The industry growth rate is 1.8 % annually, but it is expected that, the growth rate will be 2% for the next five years. The major customers of this industry include hospitality sector, retail sectors, and foodservices sector. The share of revenues of POS industry is presented below. Figure 2 – Share of Revenue in POS Industry